Advantages and disadvantages of biological wastewater treatment plant

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Domestic biological sewage treatment plants are becoming more and more popular. What is a domestic sewage treatment plant? What are the advantages and disadvantages of this solution?

What is domestic biological treatment plant?

Domestic biological treatment plant is used for wastewater neutralization by means of aerobic bacteria. Biological wastewater treatment plant consumes little energy and is safe for environment

Household sewage treatment plant in construction law

If the daily flow of wastewater in a domestic treatment plant does not exceed 7m3 , then it only requires a notification to the relevant town hall or county office. If the daily flow of wastewater exceeds 7m3, then a construction permit is required.

General advantages and disadvantages of domestic biological sewage treatment plants

Having a domestic sewage treatment plant has become very popular for ecological and economical reasons. It is possible to obtain a subsidy for the construction of such plant. What are the advantages and disadvantages of a domestic biological wastewater treatment plant?

Advantages of domestic biological sewage treatment plant

The main advantage of domestic biological wastewater treatment plants is the possibility to discharge wastewater directly into the soil. Thanks to filtration, pollutants do not adversely affect the environment.

Another advantage of biological wastewater treatment plant is its economy. The charge for 1m3 of sewage is twice as high as for 1m3 of water. Thanks to this, water bills are more than halved. Household sewage treatment plant is much cheaper in use than the monthly removal of septic tank.

Another advantage of this solution is the lack of bad smell as in the case of a septic tank. The last advantage of domestic sewage treatment plants is quick return on investment. Depending on the number of people in the household, the plant pays for itself after maximum 3 years of use.

Disadvantages of biological wastewater treatment plant

The domestic sewage treatment plant has two major disadvantages: the high cost of investment, which pays for itself only after several years of use, and the paperwork associated with the construction of the plant.

Technological systems used in biological treatment plants – advantages and disadvantages of these solutions

There are two technological systems used in domestic biological wastewater treatment plant: containerized treatment plant with activated sludge or containerized treatment plant with biological bed. Each of these systems has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Containerized sewage treatment plant with activated sludge

Containerized sewage treatment plant with activated sludge is recommended for treatment of small amounts of domestic sewage. In this method of treatment, the metabolism of activated sludge microorganisms is used. Recycling of sludge and aeration of wastewater are automated in this type of treatment plants. Despite automation, wastewater recycling must be controlled.

Advantages of this solution:

  • small plot of land needed for installation,
  • can be installed in any soil and water conditions,
  • high efficiency in wastewater treatment.

Disadvantagesof this solution:

  • operating costs related to energy consumption,
  • lack of resistance to power outages,
  • high failure rate of control devices.

Containerized treatment plant with biological bed

Containerized biological treatment plant is designed for small amounts of wastewater. There are two types of biological deposits: disc and sprinkler. In both types, the treatment process is based on absorption of organic contaminants by the biological bed.

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Theadvantages of this solution:

  • small plot of land needed for the installation,
  • it can be performed in any soil and water conditions,
  • simple operation and use.

Disadvantages of this solution:

  • operating costs associated with energy consumption,
  • lack of resistance to interruption of power supply,
  • possibility of mechanical equipment failure,
  • necessity of periodical bed cleaning.
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